Author Archives: Comunicaciones Núcleo DISCA
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¡No más caridad, queremos derechos, justicia y dignidad! Las marchas anti-teletón en Chile (2011-2021)
Leave a CommentThe objective of this text was to analyze the process of anti-Tele-ton marches developed in Chile in the 21st century from the perspective of its protagonists. Thus, we identify some of its milestones, describe the nodes of meaning regarding disability put into play, and examine some of its social implications. For this, we start from the contributions of Disability Studies and favor a qualitative approach. We conduct a documentary anal-ysis of primary and secondary sources of the pioneering groups in this fight. The results highlight four chronological milestones and meaning: 1) 2011, where the nascent Palos de Ciego Collec-tive showed a systematic cry of struggle: “No more charity! We want rights, justice, and dignity!”, 2) 2014-2017, with the gradual spread of criticism of the Teletón and dissemination of a rights-based approach; 3) 2018, where Acción Mutante criticizes 40 years of ableism from functional dissidence; 4) 2019, when the founding song of struggle became the motto of a march called by the National Collective for Disability, mobilizing more than 10,000 people throughout the country, within the framework of the social outbreak and ending in the request for constitutional recognition of this sector of the population one year later.
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Reivindicative occupational practices of activist with disabilities
Leave a CommentIntroduction: The occupational praxis of activists with disabilities in the Latin America has presented actions of revindication from historically marginalised territories.
Objective: To explore and describe strategies used by Chilean activist with disabilities.
Method: Qualitative design via three research techniques: a) 11 in-depth interviews; b) six group chat sessions; c) content analysis of eight social networks belonging to collectives of activists with disabilities in Chile.
Results: Activists indicate various occupations for revindication as subjects with rights. These trajectories are exemplified with the following dimensions: 1) Interpellate full social participation: demanding justice and citizenship; 2) Showing defective bodies: public mobilisations; 3) Occupying institutional space by placing: bodies in the system.
Conclusion: Dissident occupational practices intervene and transform the limited comprehension about what human vulnerability and fragility is capable of. This situation is mainly appreciated in the Global South.
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The Functional Model of Legal Capacity: An Analysis of the Regulation of Legal Capacity in three Common Law Jurisdictions
Leave a CommentThis paper introduces the developments of the functional model of legal capacity in the Common Law tradition to Spanish-speaking academic audiences. To achieve this, a brief comparison is drawn between different models to assess whether an adult lacks the necessary capacity to enter legal transactions. It is observed that, out of all these models, the functional model is the only one currently enjoying relative acceptance. For this reason, we comment on its virtues and defects. After the introductory part, this piece moves on to a study of how forensic practice in three jurisdictions that are considered examples of this legal tradition, namely England and Wales in the United Kingdom, British Columbia in Canada, and Queensland in Australia, all regulate the legal capacity of people with disabilities.
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Disability in the Chilean constitutional process
Leave a CommentThis article provides an overview of the constitution-making process currently developing in Chile from a disability perspective, focusing particularly on the process led by the so-called ‘Constitutional Convention’. First, we describe the measures taken to include persons with disabilities in the composition of the constitutional body tasked with writing the new constitution and how persons with disabilities could participate in the construction of disability as a constitutional matter. Then, we focus on several provisions of the proposal for the new constitution of Chile elaborated by the Constitutional Convention that refer to the rights of persons with disabilities. It is argued that although the proposal drafted by the Constitutional Convention was ultimately rejected, it must not be considered irrelevant to the constitutional protection of the rights of persons with disabilities in Chile. Both for substantive and procedural reasons, the constitutional process led by the Constitutional Convention offers solid ground to advance the rights of persons with disabilities as a constitutional issue.
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“Look at Me!”: The Public and Digital Political Campaigns of People With Disability During Chile’s Sociopolitical Crisis
Leave a CommentIn a context of multiple crises, an important number of people with disability competed to participate in drafting a new constitution in a remote Latin American country. Their experience shows how the way of looking at disability is structured. Based on interviews with candidates to be members of the Chilean constitutional convention, the study examines how they react to contemptuous, deindividualizing, and assistencialist ways of looking that devalue, invisibilize, and cancel them. However, both on the streets and in digital networks, they deploy strategies to counteract this “distribution of the sensible.” An adaptative strategy seeks assimilation through a “we are not different” and “we are equally capable” response to looking. A second strategy, based on differentiation, seeks to build recognition of uniqueness, with candidates hoping to receive a look that recognizes them and allows them to position themselves as leaders to follow: “I saw you, I recognize you, I follow you.”
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Politico-Epistemic Tensions Regarding Personal Assistance and Care for People with Disabilities: An Integrative Literature Review
Leave a CommentSince the 1960s, the Independent Life Movement has demanded personal assistance as a right for people with disabilities to access autonomy. In turn, feminist movements have shown a special concern for the care and profile of the providers. Both postures have created tensions around the provision of personal assistance and care for people with disabilities. Aim: To know and analyze the scientific evidence regarding approaches to personal assistance and care for people with disabilities. Methods: An Integrative Literature Review using five databases: Dialnet, Scielo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The Boolean combinations were: “Personal assistance AND disability”; “Personal assistance AND care AND disability”; “Care AND disability” in English, and “Asistencia personal AND discapacidad”; “Asistencia personal AND cuidados AND discapacidad”; “Cuidados AND discapacidad” in Spanish. A total of 31 scientific articles were obtained. A content analysis was then, with five analysis dimensions emerging. Results: The articles approached the positive aspects of personal assistance. Others established the need for more resources in order to not be an exclusive reality for developed countries. Profiles were made of racialized, young, migrant women as the identity behind (informal) care. From the perspective of a feminist disability care ethic, new forms of providing care are proposed, by changing the focus from individual and family responsibility, towards a social and collective focus. Conclusion: The evidence analyzed considers various dimensions of the epistemo-political tension between personal assistance and care. The meeting point between both perspectives is interdependence and autonomy; on the one side, for people with disabilities, and on the other, for the women profiled as the main caregivers.
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Are We Closing the Gap? Reforms to Legal Capacity in Latin America in Light of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Leave a CommentThis Article examines the the reforms developed in Latin America over the last decade that have adapted domestic legislation regarding legal capacity toward the support model of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). Our examination of the reforms in Costa Rica, Argentina, Peru, and Colombia focuses on the adoption process of the reforms, the main characteristics of the implemented support model, some transitional and implementation aspects of the reforms, and a critical examination of their relationship to the CRPD. Finally, this Article explores some weaknesses related to the reforms’ implementation processes.
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PEDRO JOSÉ VERGARA INOSTROZA
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PEDRO JOSÉ VERGARA INOSTROZA (22 years old) ⚡️Conchalí, 1974⚡️Trabajador with physical disability. No militancy.
Known as “Lame Pedro”, he was arrested in La Pincoya, near his home and in the presence of several witnesses. The arrest was carried out by Carabineros and civilians traveling in a private car, as part of a raid for a robbery report. Several people were arrested and taken in the same vehicle to the Conchalí police station. None of them were recorded in the check-in book. Upon learning of this, Pedro’s mother immediately arrived at the facility demanding his release and carrying his crutches; she explained that without them Pedro could not walk. Later, all the detainees were released, except Pedro, who has been missing since that day.
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RAIMUNDO SALAZAR MUÑOZ
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RAIMUNDO SALAZAR MUÑOZ (46 years old) ⚡️Quilaco, 1973⚡️ Worker with physical disability. No militancy.
A patrol of carabineros, military and armed civilians raided Raimundo’s house, causing destruction and violent arrest. Raimundo used crutches and was taken from his house, taken in a municipal van along with two other detainees to a path that leads to the confluence of the BioBio and Quilmes rivers. At that point, they were taken out of the vehicle and shot with firearms and their bodies fell into the riverbed. They have been missing since that day.
#Dictatorship #Dictatorship #StateCoup #DetaineeDisappeared #quilaco