Author Archives: Comunicaciones Núcleo DISCA
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¡No más caridad, queremos derechos, justicia y dignidad! Las marchas anti-teletón en Chile (2011-2021)
Leave a CommentEl objetivo de este texto es analizar el proceso de marchas anti-Teletón desarrollado en Chile en el siglo XXI, desde la perspec-tiva de sus protagonistas. Identificamos sus hitos emblemáticos, describimos las identificaciones respecto a la discapacidad puestas en juego y examinamos algunas de sus implicancias so-ciales. Para esto partimos de los aportes de los Disability Studiesy, privilegiando un enfoque cualitativo, realizamos un análisis documental de fuentes primarias y secundarias de las agrupa-ciones pioneras en esta lucha. Los resultados destacan cuatro hitos cronológicos y de sentido: 1) 2011, cuando el naciente Colectivo Palos de Ciego siembra un grito de lucha sistemático: “¡No más caridad! ¡Queremos derechos, justicia y dignidad!”; 2) 2014-2017, con la paulatina extensión de las críticas a la Teletón y la difusión de un enfoque de derechos; 3) 2018, con Acción Mu-tante y su crítica a 40 años de capacitismo desde la disidencia funcional; 4) 2019, cuando el canto de lucha fundante deviene lema de una marcha convocada por el Colectivo Nacional por la Discapacidad, en la que se movilizan más de 10 mil personas en todo el país dentro del marco del estallido social, y que finaliza con un pedido de reconocimiento constitucional para este sector de la población.
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Reivindicative occupational practices of activist with disabilities
Leave a CommentIntroduction: The occupational praxis of activists with disabilities in the Latin America has presented actions of revindication from historically marginalised territories.
Objective: To explore and describe strategies used by Chilean activist with disabilities.
Method: Qualitative design via three research techniques: a) 11 in-depth interviews; b) six group chat sessions; c) content analysis of eight social networks belonging to collectives of activists with disabilities in Chile.
Results: Activists indicate various occupations for revindication as subjects with rights. These trajectories are exemplified with the following dimensions: 1) Interpellate full social participation: demanding justice and citizenship; 2) Showing defective bodies: public mobilisations; 3) Occupying institutional space by placing: bodies in the system.
Conclusion: Dissident occupational practices intervene and transform the limited comprehension about what human vulnerability and fragility is capable of. This situation is mainly appreciated in the Global South.
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The Functional Model of Legal Capacity: An Analysis of the Regulation of Legal Capacity in three Common Law Jurisdictions
Leave a CommentThis paper introduces the developments of the functional model of legal capacity in the Common Law tradition to Spanish-speaking academic audiences. To achieve this, a brief comparison is drawn between different models to assess whether an adult lacks the necessary capacity to enter legal transactions. It is observed that, out of all these models, the functional model is the only one currently enjoying relative acceptance. For this reason, we comment on its virtues and defects. After the introductory part, this piece moves on to a study of how forensic practice in three jurisdictions that are considered examples of this legal tradition, namely England and Wales in the United Kingdom, British Columbia in Canada, and Queensland in Australia, all regulate the legal capacity of people with disabilities.
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Disability in the Chilean constitutional process
Leave a CommentThis article provides an overview of the constitution-making process currently developing in Chile from a disability perspective, focusing particularly on the process led by the so-called ‘Constitutional Convention’. First, we describe the measures taken to include persons with disabilities in the composition of the constitutional body tasked with writing the new constitution and how persons with disabilities could participate in the construction of disability as a constitutional matter. Then, we focus on several provisions of the proposal for the new constitution of Chile elaborated by the Constitutional Convention that refer to the rights of persons with disabilities. It is argued that although the proposal drafted by the Constitutional Convention was ultimately rejected, it must not be considered irrelevant to the constitutional protection of the rights of persons with disabilities in Chile. Both for substantive and procedural reasons, the constitutional process led by the Constitutional Convention offers solid ground to advance the rights of persons with disabilities as a constitutional issue.
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“Look at Me!”: The Public and Digital Political Campaigns of People With Disability During Chile’s Sociopolitical Crisis
Leave a CommentIn a context of multiple crises, an important number of people with disability competed to participate in drafting a new constitution in a remote Latin American country. Their experience shows how the way of looking at disability is structured. Based on interviews with candidates to be members of the Chilean constitutional convention, the study examines how they react to contemptuous, deindividualizing, and assistencialist ways of looking that devalue, invisibilize, and cancel them. However, both on the streets and in digital networks, they deploy strategies to counteract this “distribution of the sensible.” An adaptative strategy seeks assimilation through a “we are not different” and “we are equally capable” response to looking. A second strategy, based on differentiation, seeks to build recognition of uniqueness, with candidates hoping to receive a look that recognizes them and allows them to position themselves as leaders to follow: “I saw you, I recognize you, I follow you.”
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Politico-Epistemic Tensions Regarding Personal Assistance and Care for People with Disabilities: An Integrative Literature Review
Leave a CommentSince the 1960s, the Independent Life Movement has demanded personal assistance as a right for people with disabilities to access autonomy. In turn, feminist movements have shown a special concern for the care and profile of the providers. Both postures have created tensions around the provision of personal assistance and care for people with disabilities. Aim: To know and analyze the scientific evidence regarding approaches to personal assistance and care for people with disabilities. Methods: An Integrative Literature Review using five databases: Dialnet, Scielo, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The Boolean combinations were: “Personal assistance AND disability”; “Personal assistance AND care AND disability”; “Care AND disability” in English, and “Asistencia personal AND discapacidad”; “Asistencia personal AND cuidados AND discapacidad”; “Cuidados AND discapacidad” in Spanish. A total of 31 scientific articles were obtained. A content analysis was then, with five analysis dimensions emerging. Results: The articles approached the positive aspects of personal assistance. Others established the need for more resources in order to not be an exclusive reality for developed countries. Profiles were made of racialized, young, migrant women as the identity behind (informal) care. From the perspective of a feminist disability care ethic, new forms of providing care are proposed, by changing the focus from individual and family responsibility, towards a social and collective focus. Conclusion: The evidence analyzed considers various dimensions of the epistemo-political tension between personal assistance and care. The meeting point between both perspectives is interdependence and autonomy; on the one side, for people with disabilities, and on the other, for the women profiled as the main caregivers.
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Are We Closing the Gap? Reforms to Legal Capacity in Latin America in Light of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
Leave a CommentEste artículo examina las reformas desarrolladas en América Latina en la última década que han adaptado la legislación interna en materia de capacidad jurídica hacia el modelo de apoyos de la Convención sobre los Derechos de las Personas con Discapacidad (CDPD). Nuestro examen de las reformas en Costa Rica, Argentina, Perú y Colombia se centra en el proceso de adopción de las reformas, las principales características del modelo de apoyo implementado, algunos aspectos transitorios y de implementación de las reformas, y un examen crítico de su relación con la CDPD. Por último, este artículo explora algunos puntos débiles relacionados con los procesos de implementación de las reformas.
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PEDRO JOSÉ VERGARA INOSTROZA
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PEDRO JOSÉ VERGARA INOSTROZA (22 años) ⚡️Conchalí, 1974⚡️Trabajador con discapacidad física. Sin militancia.
Conocido como «el cojo Pedro», fue detenido en la población La Pincoya, cerca de su casa y en presencia de varios testigos. La detención fue realizada por Carabineros y civiles que viajaban en un auto particular, como parte de una redada por denuncia de robo. Varias personas fueron detenidas y llevadas en el mismo vehículo al retén de Conchalí. Ninguna fue anotada en el libro de ingreso del retén. Al enterarse de esto, la madre de Pedro, de inmediato llegó al establecimiento exigiendo su liberación y llevando sus muletas; explicó que sin ellas Pedro no podía caminar. Más tarde, todas las personas detenidas fueron liberadas, salvo Pedro quien permanece desaparecido desde ese día.
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RAIMUNDO SALAZAR MUÑOZ
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RAIMUNDO SALAZAR MUÑOZ (46 años) ⚡️Quilaco, 1973⚡️ Trabajador con discapacidad física. Sin militancia.
Una patrulla de carabineros, militares y civiles armados, allanaron la casa de Raimundo, provocando destrozos y luna violenta detención. Raimundo usaba muletas y fue sacado de su casa, llevado en una camioneta municipal junto a otras dos personas detenidas hasta un sendero que lleva a la confluencia de los río BioBio y Quilmes. En el lugar, fueron bajados del vehículo y se les habría disparado con armas de fuego cayendo sus cuerpos al cauce de los ríos señalados. Desde ese día se encuentran desaparecidos.
#Discapacidad #Dictadura #GolpeDeEstado #DetenidoDesaparecido #quilaco